Shui Fabrics Question 1 Ans

Economic factors concentrate on scotch scramth, interest channelize, exchange rates and theinflation rate. These factors check major impacts on how bloodlinees steer and makedecisions. For example, interest rates affect a firms cost of big(p) and in that respectfore to what exdecadet a telephone circuit grows and expands. Exchange rates affect the cost of exporting goods and supply and price of import goods in an economy. There argon scotch differences that act the relationship between the partners at Shui Fabrics.Chiu Wai, operated Shanghai Fabrics LTC located in china, onwards it became a pin enter with nervy River Industries in the United States. When the companies became a venture, Chiu Wai became the legate General Man eldr for Shui Fabrics in chinaw atomic number 18 and venturing association Rocky River Industries located in US. Ray Betzell who is the General Manager for Shui Fabrics came to chinaware from Rocky River Industries. Many companies who do mo ving in in others countries and cultures fail miserably.Managers essential do their grooming and learn the air value-system and culture lifestyles before even envisioning venturing into markets in variant counties. To me it seems like neither of the managers did their homework and are having problems maintaining the economic factors that influence their follow. A developing country is a non-industrialized hapless(prenominal) country that is seeking to develop its resources by industrialization. A developed country is a country that has a high take aim of development according to some criteria much(prenominal) as income per capita and industrialization. governmental-Legal factors intromit discrimination, consumer, antitrust, employment, and health and guard duty law. They alike include how and to what arc full point a government intervenes in the economy. Specifically, governmental factors include areas such as tax policy, labour party law, environmental law, trade re striction tariffs, and political stability. These factors can affect how a follow operates, its costs, and the demand for its products. Political factors may also include goods and serves which the government hopes to provide or be provided and those that the government does now trust to be provided.Furthermore, governments have great influence on the health, education, and infrastructure of a nation. Political officials are going to be a big part of the team because they have untroubled influence on economic life in mainland China. Ray must reach out to them and understand their goals. winner testament depend on the incline-to-face involvement of top executives. The partners differ dramatically in experimental conditions of what constitutes an acceptable financial return. Chiu Wai is happy with achieving a 5% to 6% net income and believes he is viewed as a local hero.Upon achieving his goal he feels that he has entere a good trading for his country morally and for thei r side of initiative by creating jobs for close to 3,000 people. He wants to grow the scope of Shui Fabrics and establish a subject field brand. Ray Betzell wants a 20% ROI and will only consider growth if it improves profitability, has no interest in creating employment unless it improves the dirty dog line, is considering maybe having to layoff employees to improve bottom line. He wants to improve quality, and sees no benefit to creating a Chinese brand because it views China as a low-cost manufacturing platform rather than a market.Social factors include the heathenish aspects and include health consciousness, populations growth rate, age distribution, career locations and emphasis on safely. Trends in complaisant factors affect the demand for a companys products and how the company operates. With this be said, Ray needs to move unlike his personal comfort zone as a manager. There seems to be a lack of clear, shared strategy between the two partners. When the company s tarted 10 old age ago, Rocky River has launched Shui Fabrics, a 50/50 spliff venture between the U. S. extile frame and the Chinese company, to produce dye, and coat theoretical account for sale to both Chinese and planetary sportswear manufacturers. Intent seemed clear in beginning later many obstacles, sizable red tape and several cash losing years the joint venture was fulfilling China expectations and those of local government and party officials. It seems there was once a clear strategy that has been forgotten over the course of ten years. Another fond factor that is different between the partners would be that a profit over 20% return on investment may be sensed as Western exploitation.When it comes to doing business in China, respect for peoples feelings is preponderating this sensitivity that needs to be taken in respect to peoples face. Face a cliche, is the notes of advancement. Its like a social bank account. You spend it and you save it and you invest. And when you take away somebodys face you take way someones fundamental sense of security. Because of Chinas history of exploitation by foreign countries who colonized China or raided China for business purposes, particularly in the business sphere, Chinese do not want to be seen culturally as having been had by Western usinesspeople. (http//www. nytimes. com/2010/12/14/business/global/14iht-busnav14. html)Chiu Wai is pleased with the way the company is operating and feels that Shui is generating just the right take of profit especially because many U. S. -Chinese joint ventures are still operating in red tape. He sees no fountain why Rays American bosses shouldnt be more than cheery with their 5% annual return on investment. This tells me that Chiu is unclear of his companys strategical goals. Without a clear strategy it is undoable to choose right structure and issue of cooperation with a foreign partner.Unfortunately Chiu Wai attitude at Shui Fabrics jeopardizes the success of joint venture investment. As you can see the partners dont share the same survey or philosophy at Shui Fabrics, the joint venture within China and the U. S. The disagreement in viewpoints can dramatically alliance performance. In order for them to make the company succeed they need to come up with a clear, shared strategy that they both can agree and understand. Power blank is the terminus to which a community accepts and endorses authority, designer differences and spot privileges.In China, social relationships are formal, hierarchical. People mostcomfortable in the presence of a hierarchy in which they know their grade andthe customs/rules for behavior in the situation. The Americans social relationships are informal, egalitarian. People mostcomfortable with their social equals richness of social rankings minimized. 2. Uncertainty parryance is the extent to which a society, organization, or group relies onsocial norms, rules, and procedures to placate the unpredictabil ity of future events. In China, indebtedness relationships with other people involve reciprocalobligations.In American, obligation people avoid mutually beneficial relationships andsituations that might entail long term obligations. 3. Individualism and collectivism Individualism stands for a society in which the ties between various(prenominal)s are loose and everyone is expected to look after him/herself and hisor her immediate family only. Collectivism stands for society in which people from birthonwards are integrated into strong cohesive in-groups, which throughout peopleslifetime breed to protect them in exchange for inexplicit loyalty. The Chinese are collectivist because they place higher(prenominal) value on groupcooperation and individual modesty.The Americans are individualism because they place higher value on self-reliance. Self-promotion is more accepted. uplifted value on freedom from externallyimposed constraints. 4. maleness/femininity indicates the extent to which dominant value in a society tendto be assertive and look more concerned in things than in concerning for people and thequality of life. The Chinese are relationship-oriented maintaining a harmonious relationshiphas precedence over accomplishing tasks. Americans have task-oriented relationships that are less important than gettingthe work done. 5.Assertiveness is the degree to which individuals are assertive, confrontational, andaggressive in their relationships with others. The Chinese avoid direct confrontation, open criticism, and controversionaltopics. Concern maintaining unity and with face. Americans are willing to confront directly, criticize, dispute controversionaltopics, press personal opinions about what they consider the truth. Little concernwith face. 6. Future Orientation is the degree to which a bodied encourages and rewards futureoriented behaviors such as planning and delaying gratification.The Chinese pay relatively more attention to the past and the all -night termfuture. Americans are less interested in the past they focus on the near-term future7. sexual practice differentiation is the degree to which a collective minimized gender inequality. In China, traditionally a persons status in the society was based importantlyon transmissible characteristics such as age, gender, and family. This is changing. In America, traditionally a persons status in the society was based importantlyon transmitted characteristics such as age, gender, and family. This is changing. 8. Performance penchant

Grandparent Rights

My branch Grand countersign How many of you feed grandparents that have vie an important role in your carri board? Were they there when you needed them? According to the Idaho section of Health and Welfare, there are over 29 thousand children in Idaho unaccompanied who are being raised by their grandparents. I am sensation(a) of those grandparents. On November 21s, 2004 Destin Hardy was born and this is when the bond of grandparents and grandchild began. Destin was 12 months old when his parents decided to move to Washington. It was so mavinrous for me to let him go. I knew and that any clock I wanted to see him I was able to.It was in 2006 when my grand parole and my son came exhaust for a visit, they ended up staying with us on a permanent basis. My son was 20 years old and was yet eviscerateting back on his feet, so I suggested that Destin stay with us until my son had a stable environment for him to go to. I at this time didnt know the big effect this would have o n my life. Another kid was each(prenominal) I could think about. I wasnt worried I wouldnt be able to do it, as I have raised four children of my own. I was actu aloney worried about how to do it. Raising a child in todays world is to a heavy(p)er extent(prenominal) difficult than when I was raising my children.Being a grandma and being a pay back are two different liaisons. I wanted to spoil him rotten. And as we all know once spoiled, always spoiled. So life began with a spoiled baby. It didnt interpret to long for me to change to the female parent mode though. My parental instinct took over and all of the skills I had used in the lead came back to me. Destin was so active at this age. He loved the water and compete ball. I think his favorite thing to do was to jump on the trampoline or was it riding the lawn mower with my wavier (Xavier), as he called him. Even at night time he would want to read or color.I placed him in preschool at the age of three and watched him grow with knowledge. I ass remember that every day I dropped him off he would take my bowl over and show me the parakeets and the big parrot. He had to shamble sure they knew he was there. While attention preschool, Destin began reading at a higher(prenominal) level than expected. He was five and have with a preschool graduation diploma with circumscribed recognitions Outstanding Learner. This was a royal day in grandmas life. Guiding Destin and talking to him as if he was a mature child helped with his words skills and communication skills.He is a very heavy young man and knows more than an middling child should know at his age. At the age 6 1/2 Destin decided that he wanted to get involved with football like his uncles. I thought about this long and hard deciding that it wasnt in his high hat interest. I then decided that Tai Kwon Do would be better for him. He could use a little more self-discipline and balance skills. What a prominent idea. Destins accomplishments have b een swell. In one year he graduated 4 belts and received his green belt one month ago.From the day that Destin was born, to watching him yield into a little man. Destin has brought a great joy to my life. I would never take back a minute of sacramental manduction his life with him. I wonder what the early holds for my grandson. I know that with the right focus and love he will go on to accomplish great things and one day be a great leader and mentor to his children and grandchildren. Bibliography http//healthandwelfare. idaho. gov/Children/EarlyChildhoodInfo/ActiveParenting/tabid/161/ctl/ArticleView/mid/1373/articleId/583/Grandparents-Raising (U. S Census Bureau, 2005-2009)

Case Analysis-Strategic It Transformation at Accenture

Case analysis-Strategic IT shifting at Accenture Accenture was separated from its parent alliance and rebranded as a new organization. They reckon a challenge of building a new IT infrastructure to support their business. Because the new Accentures organization structure is unalike from the Anderson Consulting, the Andersons IT is deficient in several(prenominal)(prenominal) directions. Based on the deficient aspects I permit rough own recommendations and thusly I will analyse what Accenture did to nates with the situation. First of all, the Andersons IT corpse did not interconnect readily each other.I call down that in Accenture, they post build up a regulation rules, and all the offices should take place such rules and use the standard culture ashes to communicate each other. As we learned forward, standardization is very of import for an organization. Its a good way to improve the efficiency of internal talk. Also, a standard information system is low-cal to manage the relationship with customers or varyners. It back in like mannerth enhance the relationship and improve the customers satisfaction. The twinkling and third problem also big deal be solved by standardization.So take on a right platform to standardise information and swap knead is decisive for Accenture. As a new brand, Accenture should picture their strategic context carefully before they making the decision. And clarify the enterprises view of IT infrastructure. In this case they established that they should run IT not a approach center but as a business within business. When they face collar different types of platforms, they choose the single-vendor approach to derogate the cost of IT. Also they choose Microsoft and HP as their software and hardware suppliers. Its a brilliant decision because these 2 companies have great reputation in such industry.Its a important and stable relationship for Accenture to cooperate with Microsoft and HP. It can improve the efficiency both in software and hardware aspects. In the case, I notice that the Andersons information system is too complex and it cost too much on storage data. So its inefficient in data exchange and communication. Accenture should try to simplify the process and try to control the cost. Choosing the single-vendor approach can save the cost of IT. Also, they outsource their data storage service. To do so, I have some recommendations for Accenture to improve the information system management.They should put more attention on the relationship management surrounded by Accenture and outsourcing companies to acquire sure the efficient communication surrounded by each other. In the information era, the communication is very important. They can provide their partners the part of Accenture IT platform , to they can communicate internally. onsidering Accenture as a B2B company, I suggest that direction on converting conventional interactions to IT-enable data exchange to make sure their clients can bring out the data timely and accurately. The globalization and decorous a public company is a new challenge for Accenture.Globalization is a great advantage of outsourcing, Accenture can outsource some service to low labor cost countries. It can reduce the IT cost. As I said before, how to manage the relationship between different suppliers and outsourcing companies is important for Accenture. In the case, it mentioned the (1) standard platform, (2) a single global instance of that platform. It tally well with my analysis before. In sum, Accenture has a successful IT transformation, and for its further ripening I have given several suggestions according to the articles this week.

'Service Alternatives\r'

'Keats, P. (2008). Time-Limited Service Alternatives: exploitation healthful Enactment in plain-spoken host Therapy. The Journal for Specialists in ag assembly Work, 33, 297-316. The increase bites of students that require focussing and the exploitation severity of problems that atomic number 18 be confront by these students in the campuses have prompted counsellors to discipline and apply alternative means of providing the students counselling and therapy needs.The technique that was presented in the article is unrivalled which is considered an modernistic counseling approach combine free radical therapy format and cure enactment intervention techniques to address the needs of the nodes. The approaches were base on different theoretical foundations of experts and were knowing in a way that give be both effective and efficient. An open up theme therapy was opted because it facilitates cohesiveness as surface provide a venue for greater interaction among cli ents. On the early(a) hand, therapeutic enhancement is a group-based model that involves the clients re-enactment of experiences victimization actions.Clinical and ethical considerations were based on guidelines develop by Association of Specialists in congregation Work and the Ameri quarter and Canadian commission Association . The qualifications for being in the session would dep supplant on making certainly that the well-being of the client impart not be jeopardized by a group setting. As the approach employs an open-group structure, it also requires a co-facilitation of the group. The group activities are divided into the unwind section, the central activity, and a closing exercise.In addition, the concerns that may pose as challenges to the format were exhaustively discussed much(prenominal) as student reluctance, confidentiality, time and training concerns. The qualitative evaluations at the end of the sessions provided positive results from clients who appreciated being in a group where there was hazard to interact with other students. Some considerations will be evaluated in the future day such as extending evaluation procedures, adapting a to a greater extent extensive questionnaire, comparisons of evaluations by returning and non-returning clients, as well as using a quantitative measure to improve elevate understanding.A. How is this pretend useful to me as an draw a bead on counselor? This roleplay is useful because it provides insights which are vital for a counselor. The results of the study as well as the approaches used can be utilized and applied in future undertakings. The innovation of the approach presented in the article can provide flexibleness and additional knowledge that may be useful under some circumstances. being an aspiring counselor, one must be adept in assessing the needs of the clients and providing the ruff approach for their concerns.This article provides just that and gives a reminder to be more hypercri tical and observant in dealing with the client as well as being open to learning better strategies. b. How does this work contribute to the scene of action of counseling? This work contributes recent ways of approaching group counseling because it deals with something that addresses the concern of finding innovative means to solve the growing number of clients as well as the increase in the intensity of their problems.Combining the open group therapy approach and therapeutic enhancement provides the field of counseling an approach that is conducive for interaction, counseling in a large-scale setting, as well as allows counselors and facilitators an opportunity for co-leadership and provides more resources for them as well as reduces the incident of frustration by both counselor and client when in an individual setting. c. What saucily inquiry do the authors generate by writing this article? The authors generate new research which will involve merely evaluation of the results and application of the approach in a different setting.It also foresees the curtain raising of employing other tools such as a more extensive questionnaire and the use of other forms of quantitative measures. Another consideration for future research is exploring the comparisons of evaluations between those who are not returning for the sessions and those who are actually returning. Ultimately, it opens the research of finding means of making clients quenched after the first session. References Keats, P. (2008). Time-Limited Service Alternatives: Using Therapeutic Enactment in Open Group Therapy. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 33, 297-316.\r\n'

'Fascism in Germany and Italy Essay\r'

'Many similarities last between German fascism, or Nazism, and Italian fascism. For example, both fascisticic movements were brought into proponent afterward facing very similar problems. iodine of the major problems that both countries encountered was a post-war prudence teeming with instability. Ger more’s fragile parsimony was undermined by widespread unemployment, hyperinflation, and burdensome repair payments, sm alone-arm Italy’s economy was scarce as delicate. In addition, the Great feeling brought both countries even further into sparing collapse. other problem that brought about fascism in the two countries was post-war peace settlements, especially the Versailles Treaty.\r\n part the Germans were exasperated by the exorbitant fix payments forced upon them by the Allies, the Italians felt betrayed by the peace settlements for denying them the territory and status they deserved. Another problem that the two countries faced was their dissatisf interp retion with their be governments. Many Germans were disgrunt take with the Weimar Republic for write the humiliating Treat of Versailles, while many Italians were apprehensive of the chaos within their parliamentary regime. Lastly, widespread fear of revolutionary fermentation and the expropriations of a Communism system overly caused many Germans and Italians to identify with fascism.\r\nBoth German fascism, led by Adolf Hitler and Italian fascism, led by Benito Mussolini exploited many stintingal and political difficulties within their nation in order to gain power. Hitler blamed Germany’s ruined economy on the Weimar Republic, Communists, and Jews, while Mussolini blamed large Socialist and Catholic parties for Italy’s economic struggles. They similarly gained the reliever of farmers, small businessmen, civil servants, and young tribe by advocating strict nationalistic goals and blaming their economic troubles on the Bolsheviks. Nevertheless, the just about crucial components of securing political power was though institutionalized frenzy and the abolishment of all other political parties. The fascist party under Hitler gained power by abolishing the press, public meeting, trade unions, and eventually, all other political parties. They also secured their bring dominance by orchestrating violence to pass political enemies with the Sturmabteilung and later, the Schutzstaffel. Similarly, Mussolini used the Squadristi to attack his political enemies, the Catholics and the socialists, in order to secure fascist supremacy and make Italy a unilateral dictatorship.\r\nBoth the German and the Italian fascist regimes dominated business. In Italy, Mussolini lent property to many Italian businesses and acquired power in key industries such as steel, shipping, machinery, and electricity. Meanwhile, in Germany, Hitler’s fascist government controlled industry, agriculture, and education. report and radio broadcasts were operated under strict censorship. In addition, both the German fascist regime and the Italian fascist regime strictly advocated nationalism, militarism, and institutionalized violence. One of the most chief(prenominal) characteristics of the fascist regimes of Germany and Italy was nationalism. Nationalism spawned the idea of racial superiority, especially to Germany, and brought about territorial magnification and rearmament. The idea of territorial expansion ablaze militarism in both Germany and Italy.\r\nIn Germany, Hitler’s three goals, living space, rearmament, and economic recovery became the footing of his new hostile policy. Lebensraum, or aliment space, was Hitler’s idea that superior nations had the right on to conquer and expand into the territories of inferior states. Lebensraum brought about rearmament, and in 1935, Hitler publicly denote that Germany was rearming. The third phase of Hitler’s foreign policy was economic recovery, which was directly link to Lebensraum and rearmament, because not only did compendium weapons improve Germany’s economy, but also the Balkan countries that Hitler annexed produced consumer goods for them. Similarly, in Italy, Mussolini was also rearming and targeting many weaker countries for his expansionist aims. In October 1936, the two fascist nations make the Rome-Berlin Axis.\r\nThen, in May 1939, Germany and Italy agreed to set up each other military tolerate both offensively and defensively by signing the Pact of Steel. Another act introduced by Hitler was the creation of Nazi controlled-organizations such as Hitler Youth, which taught German boys and girls between 10 and 18 to uphold his fascist values. However, the most unforgettable acts were his Nuremberg Laws, which deprived Jews of their citizenship and forbade them from marriage. Then, on November 9, 1938, 20,000 to 30,00 Jews were displace to concentration camps and the night became known as Kristallnacht, or the â€Å"night of broken scratch”.\r\n'

'Should Girls and Boys Be Given Exactly the Same Type of Education?\r'

'Should misfires and boys be precondition up barely the analogous typesetters case of education? In Singapore, girls and boys ar entitling the similar type of education. G endinger tintity is ensure by our government. This was done so to make sure in that location wasnt any discrimination among each gender, and there was equal opportunities given to the citizens, to voice out their discontented. However, this was non implemented throughout the world. To begin with, girls should be entitled the equal right as boys to receive education. It is not a major problem in developed countries, scarce in less developed state like Saudi Arab, they do not pay much attention to girl’s education.In their views, girls ar born to track down the house, and do the laborious chores. Therefore, religious views atomic number 18 the root towards the type of education given to both genders. In addition, whether to apply the very(prenominal) education for both genders also take fo r a further impact on the development of the agricultural. The development of country would pose whether the same type of education should be given to both genders. For example, in Singapore, beingness a fast-tempo country and with sm any population, we require both genders to help to boost the economy.Whereas, slow-tempo country like Vietnam but with large population, there argon limited job opportunities. Males are ingested to work in the rice field, while the females stay home to do house chores. Therefore, girls and boys should be given the same education depends on the country’s quality of life. Lastly, school fees are not a small sum. Not all family are able to afford to dedicate their children to school. And in the traditional views, females are get hitched with off to the males; they do not need much education.Whereas the males have to raise the family, indeed education opportunities are given to them. Therefore, expenses are one of the factors that contribute to the entitlement of same type of education. However, when both genders are given exactly the same type of education, they are given the same opportunities in the social world. look into also has proven that girls are much competence than the boys. Girls also tend to be perfectionist in their field of work and so, any(prenominal) work is given to them, and they entrust end up doing their best to complete it.With more girls in the working society, this will at long last help to boost the competency amongst companies and also the company profits as well. To sum up, girls and boys educations are given consort to the circumstances such as region of development, religion beliefs and expenses. Gender discrimination will not be demolished indoors a short period of time. Therefore, indemnity against gender discrimination should be implemented to protect the rights of the ladies even though they do not have education.\r\n'

'Nonsense in Alice in Wonderland Essay\r'

'Alice in Wonderland is a tale that ends with end, and violence lurks indoors all of its non backb matchless. through show up the book, Alice grows and matures, still ilk we do; however, all journeys must herald to a close and conclusion is eer at the end of the road. Carroll neither forestalls, nor denies the reallyities of death and loss in his book. If anything, he manifests the preponderance of its threat in e trulything. Instead Carroll soothes his readers for the pain and loss with non sensation-answers in excess of sense. He commands his readers to trust in some other logic beyond the rational and believe in precisely what we back non k now.\r\nIn wonderland, death is a present and probable outcome e precisewhere, and Alice is directly introduced to the possibility of it when she enters wonderland. After becoming bl ingest-up after eating a art object of cake, Alice became scargond of her sudden, large state. In the middle of her despair, she sees the White R abbit and calls for his help. He was blow out of the water by Alice, and dropped his fan before scurrying absent in fright. Alice became hot and steamed and began fanning herself; however, she realized that her fanning was causing her to shrink. She immediately, â€Å"dropped it hastily, just in condemnation to avoid shrinking away altogether.\r\n‘That WAS a narrow escape!’ verbalise Alice, a good deal panic-struck at the sudden change, simply very glad to find herself still in existence.” This â€Å"narrow escape(Carroll)” accentuates Alice’s childlike naivete upon entering Wonderland. She has never had to worry active dying, but now she is faced with it psyche on. Shortly after this near death experience, Alice is confronted with an individualism crisis prompted by an interrogation from a caterpillar.\r\nâ€Å"Who ARE you?” asks the Caterpillar, to which Alice replied, â€Å"Iâ€I simply know, sir, just at presentâ€at leas t I know who I WAS when I got up this morning, but I think I must hasten been changed several meters since then (Carroll).” Alice has but been in wonderland a short peak of sequence and already she has transformed in more ways than one. Her experiences beat do her question her previously stable identity because in Wonderland-nothing is as it seems.\r\nAs Alice ventures on into Wonderland and Looking Glass Land, death becomes in time more of a reality. The Queen of police wagon is one of the many obstacles Alice runs into in Wonderland, and, by far, the about threatening. The Queen ex statute titles, â€Å"OFF WITH THEIR HEADS,” in response to most situations. During the trial, the baron says the heart-to-heart must have a, â€Å"sentence startleâ€verdict afterwards,” to which Alice replies, â€Å"Stuff and nonsense! The subject of having the sentence first!”After refusing the queen’s order to be quiet, Alice is sentenced to a behead ing (Carroll). The theme of death is besides prevalent when Alice converses with the Mock tump over who is very aware that he will briefly be made into Mock Turtle Soup.\r\nThe Mock Turtle and the Gryphon pass along most of their time with Alice telling her nigh their school days. The subjects they studied are peculiar undersea parodies of real school subjects, just as the dance they perform for her, the Lobster Quadrille. This makes them real and relatable characters, one of which inevitably faces death. Alice realizes this and is careful when referring to lobster as â€Å"dinner,” which she nearly does several times (Carroll)`. In Looking Glass Land, Alice runs into Tweedledum and Tweedledee who tell her the theme of the Walrus and the Carpenter that lure the junior-grade oysters away from their bed by tempting them with a nice walk on the beach. The young, naïve oysters, willing for an adventure.\r\nDuring their walk on the beach, the Walrus says, â€Å"If youà ¢â‚¬â„¢re ready Oysters dear,/we post begin to feed.” â€Å"”But not on us!” the Oysters cried,/Turning a bittie blue,/After such kindness, that would be/A dismal thing to do!” The seahorse ended up eating all the oysters (Carroll 2). Although the oysters died in the end, they went on their adventure thinking that it was all innocent fun and games. Throughout these stories, Carroll invites us to believe in the nonsense. Although we may grow gaga, and we may die, we must not forget that child hood is the most important time because we have no preconceived notions of the world. Anything is possible if we believe it, and things have whatever meaning we give them.\r\nTime, in Wonderland, is of the mind. However, in the real world, time is more often than not perceived as a building blockâ€hours, minutes, and yearsâ€and senesce is time from a certain year. We accept that the time reflect on a quantify and our ages are one in the same. However, a clock may cycle endlessly, whereas we have whole one lifetime. Therefore, our age is simply our own fabrication. It is the product of an irreversible psychological sense of duration. Mad modiste says of Time, â€Å"Now, if you only unbroken on good terms with him, he’d do almost anything you care with the clock (Carroll).” In Wonderland, the aboveground belief of time as a reliable, motionless system does not hold.\r\nTime is stand for as a person, and is therefore sensitive to all the foibles and inconsistencies that plague actual humans. Defeating time thus changes from Alice’s normal aim of observing the regular intervals that time sets to go steady to the Hatter’s idea of a grudge against a personified time. Since time is now like a person, there is the inevitable danger that he will rise up and refuse to be dependable. It is yet another haphazard, changeable arti feature that has no claim to absolute validity in Wonderland. That is merel y what has happened in this Wonderland tea party: the Hatter says time â€Å"won’t do a thing I ask! It’s ever six o’clock now (Carroll)”; that is, it is always teatime.\r\nTherefore, time is frozen, and one of the most essential models of everyday human understanding are laughed out of reality. Through making time undistinguished to the goings on of daily life, Carroll intended to sidle up the subjectivity of age and time. So what if fourscore years old means death is on the doorstep? What is time and age but a means of measuring, and who ineluctably that? Even though growing old is inevitable, Carroll insists with the nonsense of the tea party that time does not have to go on. It can always be teatime. It can always be childhood where things do not have to have answers to make sense.\r\n in spite of the fact that Alice is growing and maturing, and despite the fact that death is an inevitable step in the process of life, Carroll wants to leave us wi th one thing: Believe in nonsense. His system was to imagine a dream-state in which the ordinary ways of logic were replaced by wild ones. Within the dream-logic, everything is consistent, but queer. That is the point-life in wonderland is nonsensical, but it is consistently nonsensical; therefore, the nonsense makes sense, so who is to say that the real world sense makes sense? Most importantly, we must call up the significance of childhood-no matter how old we get, for as long as one believes in nonsense, they will be happy no matter what ails them.\r\nBibliography\r\nCarroll, Lewis. Alice in Wonderland. Project Gutenbeg, 2008. Web. <http://www.gutenberg.org/files/11/11-h/11-h.htm>. (Carroll)\r\nCarroll, Lewis. Alice Through the Looking Glass. Project Gutenbeg, 1991. Web.\r\n<http://www.gutenberg.org/files/12/12-h/12-h.htm>. (Carroll 2)\r\n'

'Eve white vs Real eve\r'

'Simmer was diagnosed with multiple genius disorder. She was ace of the first cases doctors had evenr hail across. With creation such a special case, Chris was asked if she would be raise in having a mental picture make approximately her bearing. Chris and her family decided to per hitice the movie, yet non to use her square fall upon. The directors of the film decided to give her the name of evening White. However, in that location were parts of the movie that did non happen In real life story or were twisted In the making of The Three Faces of even.Having a disorder Like Chris was diagnosed with Is non only hard to the patient, but also hard for friends and family. In Chris life she had a loving save and two children. Eve was In a regretful relationship where she did non jazz her economise and a young girl, honest who she adored. When Eve White turned Into Eve Black, a rollicking young woman with a pat grin, she would physically harm Bonnie and would be extremely mean to her the little girl. Eve Black strangulate Bonnie one day and happened to Chris eldest daughter as well when a different nature came out.Chris children say that none of their mothers personalities ever hurt them, but they defiantly had their favorites, which they got across in the movie. Bonnie enjoyed when Canes spirit came out because she was kind and playful with her. In the movie Jane finds a man who she falls in love with, but does non feel as if she could splice him because she has more than one personality. They ended up getting married which was a true story from Chris life.However, in the movie they did not put in that they did not tell anyone most her disorder because her new husband Don and their children would have to move because the inhabits would not missing her to live by them because she is â€Å"crazy. ” The Faces of Eve was based off of Chris life, but Chris had 22 personalities instead of Just three. In the movie when both Eves leave the remains for better she is having a flash keister to when her grandmother had died. Eve is screaming about how her mother made her kiss the casket when she did not want too.Chris was furious that they put the blame on her mother in the movie when it was really her neighbor who made her do it. This flashback happened the day that the Eves left her body for good and Jane stayed and she was cured for the rest of her life. This was a bump off lie. Chris was cured for a little bit, but afterward a few months she realized the blackouts were coming back and more personalities were forming. For 44 years of Chris life she had 22 different personalities who had control of her life.Chris Simmer has a hand she wrote, I am Eve, and a movie, Three Faces of Eve all about her life and her Journey finished her disorder. Chris and Eve were essentially the same person, but come across differently In the movie and her real life story. Chris life was much more knockout than It made It se em In the movie. Chris divided up her story, not for the money, but to spread the word for others out there who are dealing with the same disorder to allow them know that they are not alone. She also shared her runner to let others know what she went through because she was one of the first cases to be diagnosed.Eve white vs.. Real eve By marshland were parts of the movie that did not happen in real life or were twisted in the making of The Three Faces of Eve. Having a disorder like Chris was diagnosed with is not loving husband and two children. Eve was in a bad relationship where she did not turned into Eve Black, a rollicking young woman with a tricksy grin, she would physically same person, but come across differently in the movie and her real life story. Chris life was much more difficult than it made it seem in the movie. Chris shared her\r\n'

'Woman Hollering Creed\r'

'Morgan Sneed ENGL2006 Sandra Cisneros is an American writer outgo known for her first novel The House on Mango Street and her subsequent short base accretion muliebrity boom brook and different Stories. Her work experiments with literary forms and investigates emerging subject positions, which Cisneros herself attri simplyes to increase up in a context of pagan hybridity and economic inequality that endowed her with unique stories to tell.Cisneross proterozoic liveliness provided many experiences she would later draw on as a writer: â€Å"born in Chicago, the child of a Mexican sky pilot and a Mexican American fuss, Cisneros spent art objects of her puerility in Texas and Mexico (1130). ” Cisneross work deals with the formation of Chicana identity, exploring the challenges of finding herself caught amidst Mexican and American cultures, facing the misogynist attitudes map in both these cultures, and experiencing poverty. For her insightful social revaluation an d powerful prose style, Cisneros has achieved recognition far beyond Chicano and Hispanic communities.Using her position as an educator and writer, she began â€Å"to champion Chicana feminism, particularly as this movement combines cultural issues with women’s concerns (1131)”. In Woman hollering Creek, Cisneros â€Å"cultivates a sense of partiality and naive humor for her protagonists, qualities that argon evident in introductory parts (1130). ” This short story collection deals with the issues that young women faced. â€Å"What remains constant is the author’s popular opinion that by romanticizing sexual relations women gather with a male view that can be oppressive, even physically destructive…Ciseneros is ‘caught amidst here and there’.Yet ‘here’ and ‘there’ are non as dichotomous as young versus old, fair(prenominal) versus male, or Mexico versus the united States (1130). ” Woman Holler ing Creek is a tale of tragedy and triumph. The story, told from the third person, begins by showing us the foreknowledge our protagonist Cleofilas’s return held concerning her fate. â€Å"… Already did he divine the dawning his daughter would raise her hand over her eyes, human face south, and dream of returning to the chores that never ended, six no-count brothers, and whiz old man’s complaints (1131). Cleofilas is preparing to link up a Texas man, Juan Pedro Martinez Sanchez. If a critic were to take into account, immaterial historical and social considerations when interpreting Sandra Cisneross â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek”, his initial natural prejudice terra firma power be to view the modern Untied States more(prenominal) likely to provide women liberation from oppressive maleness than Mexico. However, a closer reading of â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek” reveals the opposite true in this case. The U. S. own, which Cleofilas moves with he r mod husband, casts a distorted mirror image of the townshipship from whence she came. This juxtaposition in the place setting, as intumesce as the quotations, symbols, and aspire of view, all combine to heap up their weight toward one conclusion: life in the United States is less liberating for the Mexican woman than life in Mexico. The United States town, steeped in masculinity, is evidenced by the symbolism of the setting as well as by the characters. The primary character that takes an active part in Cleofilass life, her husband, is masculine.Across the street is Maximiliano, so macho that he â€Å"was said to have killed his wife in an ice- support belt” (1136). There is no feminine identity for Cleofilas to get in touch to in her neighbors; Dolores is no longer a mother and Soledad is no longer a wife. Doloress garden, rather than organism tranquil and feminine, serves to reinforce masculine dominance by showing the â€Å"red cockscombs, fringed and bleeding a thick menstrual color” (1133) foreshadow the detestation that would soon leave Cleofilass lip split disperse so that it â€Å"bled an orchid of blood” (1134).The town has a city hall, an image of masculine rule, immaterial of which rests a large bronze pecan. In effect, it is a organisation nut, an obviously masculine symbol for which the town possesses a â€Å"silly pride” (1135). Each of these components of setting and character has their feminine mirror in the Mexican town, which is thusly more hospitable to women. The primary character who takes a part in Cleofilass life there is her father who let onms to have taken over the mothering role of Cleofilass dead soul mother, making a promise, â€Å"I am your father I will never abandon you” (1131).All of her neighbors are women, and all have a sense of identity. â€Å"In the town where she grew up, there isn’t much to do except fall out the aunts and godmothers to the house of one or the other to be given cards (1131). ” Instead of a city hall, the town has a town center, which implies non masculine competition and rule but feminine cooperation. Instead of a bronze pecan outside of the city hall, there is a â€Å"leafy zocalo in the center of town” (1135), suggesting fertility and femininity.In addition to providing a contrast between the feminine and the masculine, the relative setting of the towns also create a contrast between independence and dependence, â€Å"because the towns in the U. S. are built so that you have to depend on husbands”(1135). In the church building in Mexico she could meet with other women and engage in â€Å"huddled whispering” (1135), but in the United States â€Å"the whispering begins at sunset at the icehouse quite” and she must sit â€Å"mute beside their conversation” (1135).TV and cinema are both readily available to Cleofilas in Mexico, but in Seguin, she has no TV, and can totally glimp se a â€Å"few episodes” of her telenovela at Soledads house. sluice her one solid contact with a world outside her own, her book, is thrown by her husband â€Å"from across the room” (1136). Not only does the Mexican town provide more opportunities for independent action than the U. S. town, but it also provides alternatives for dependency. In Mexico, Cleofilas can depend on her father, brothers, aunts, and godmothers.In the United States, however, she has no such option, as the resort says, â€Å"her familys all in Mexico” (1138). These contrasts between the dependence on the masculine necessitated by the U. S. town and the independence, or at least the variety of dependencies, afforded by the Mexican town become clearer as the story progresses. Initially, the narrators point of view expresses a feeling of limitation in the Mexican town: In the town where she grew up, there is not very much to do except accompany the aunts and godmothers to the house of one or the other to play cards.Or walk to the cinema to see this weeks film again, speckle and with one hair quivering annoyingly on the screen. Or to the center of town to order a milk shake that will appear in a day and a half as a pimple on her backside. Or to the girlfriends house to watch the latest telenovela episode and try to transcript the way the women comb their hair, wear there authorship (1131). The language of this qualifying makes the town appear wispy and limiting until compared with the language of a similar passage describing the northern town. â€Å"There is no place to go.Unless one counts the neighbor ladies. Soledad on one side, Dolores on the other. Or the creek” (1136). By contrasting these passages, we can see the narrators point of view. The Mexican town is not circumscribed compared to the United States town. There are variety of options. The narrators point of view becomes abundantly clear as Cleofilas crosses Woman Hollering Creek on her way pl anetary house to Mexico. Initially, the point of view is negative. When moving to her new interior(a) with her husband, Cleofilas wants to know whether â€Å"the woman has hollered from anger or ail” (1133).Crossing that river to her new home is like intersection into a world of both anger and ache. However, leaving that world, and crossing the river returning to her father endows Cleofilas with a fresh perspective. Her play along hollers when they cross the river, but not in each anger or pain. She hollers â€Å"like Tarzan” (1138). Cleofilas had expected â€Å"pain or rage, perhaps, but not a motherfucker like the one Felice had just let go” (1139). Therefore, â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek”, becomes a joyful return to a home of peace and venerate and an escape from what her father had known all along.\r\n'

'Condom Advertising Essay\r'

' pr even sotive has been a vital prophylactic and STD bar tool for thousands of years. Several types of masculine and female prophylactics argon available. Some galoshs atomic number 18 made of plastic or animal tissue i. e. lambskin, latex. rubbers atomic number 18 the most legal against vir roles such(prenominal) as human immunodeficiency virus scarce Condom custom declined markedly during the 1960s as the race run pills was introduced and birth control device devices such IUDs became to a greater extent widely deported.\r\nAfter the introduction of birth control pills lot started baring arctics beca theatrical role according to them wake with prophylactics doesn’t cash in ones chips that overmuch pleasure, But the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus/ aid in the early 1980s , pencil eraser use re-emerged and has became progressively recognized as a critical way of life of preventing infection with HIV and new(prenominal) STDs that give the bounce allay HIV infection. Yet almost of those at laid-back stake of contracting HIV argon non employ condoms consistently. For example, recent studies befool found that 40 % of innerly active high school students or adult world wide did non use a condom during their most ecent finish upual clank and 87 percent do non retrieve they atomic number 18 at risk of acquiring HIV.\r\n broil over Condoms de none: Condoms promotion turn tails especially those using a survey media and rearing sexually active unfledged are controversial. Public usually don’t want to run across condoms mer grasstile. Especially in Muslim society, a large number of stack are against contraceptive creationize. Do people really face embarrassed watching such ads in count of their family? Fear of usual controversy makes official fight down rough and ofttimes weakens the potency refer of mass media interventions by diluting the content of the kernel.\r\nEntertaining condoms commercials do cease slightly face public’s controversy. Networks don’t care whether commercials contained essence or not, they want proper condoms commercials. They want condoms marketer to hide other benefits of condom except legal profession of STDs and HIV/AIDs. But do decent condoms commercial preserve make an impact on consumers mind? Does use of humor and sexual appeal in condoms commercial go through the youngsters towards sex? Networks have been slow to respond to the increasing public buy upance of condom advert for fear of arousing the face-off of conservative groups.\r\nNetworks believe that viewers think that condoms supercharge sleeping around or may be ill-fitting with the idea of condom advertise within the hiding of homes. well-nigh of the networks want very decent commercials of condoms or otherwise they do reject commercial; recently FOX and CBS both rejected the Trojan pigs commercial. two had accepted Trojan’s previous cam paign, which pulse condom use because of the possibility that a provide might be H. I. V appointed, perhaps unknowingly.\r\nIn a written response to Trojan, though, FOX tell that it had rejected the spot because â€Å"Contraceptive advert moldiness stress health-related uses sort of than the streak of pregnancy. ” Due to moderate budget and other restrictions, condom marketers and advertizers are face up many problems, because of these restrictions condoms advertiser tend to direct their message to niches audiences through targeted mags and cable move (i-e MTV, Channel V, SHE magazine ) rather than the major convey networks. The restrictions placed on condom publicizing by networks and local anesthetic stations combined with the modest dvertising budgets of condoms marketers has unplowed condom advertize custodyt at low to imperceptible levels. Advertising of condoms remains much curtail than advertising of many other products including contraceptives. And w hether it is due to those restrictions or for other financial reasons, the advertising budgets of condom companies have been so low that condom ads have been relatively rare even on those networks and affiliates leave aloneing to accept such ads. We have seen many beer commercials; Viagra and viva contraceptive appear on TV (different networks of world) regularly, condom advertising remains bound and highly controversial.\r\nCondom advertising is prohibited by National Association of pass discoverers’ (NAB) code of Conducts and many apparitional commenceies do not brook networks to air its commercials. The stolon network in the world was KNTV, San Jose, which despite codes obstinate to carry a spot for Trojan in 1975. Some of the networks and stations that accept condom commercials reduce certain restrictions on them, such as limit the succession of the day they can be run, or requiring their messages to be foc apply on diseases prevention rather than birth cont rol. Condom marketers express frustration with the sequence limits networks impose.\r\nCondoms marketer could not place their condom ad during prime duration even though other consumer product are able to run a network commercial that stimulate sex. Some networks draw a backbreaking line between messages about disease prevention †which may be allowed †and those about pregnancy prevention, which may be encountered controversial for religious and moral reasons. Policies for Condoms Advertising: The sensible and personal nature of this product menage warrants that special(a) care be exercised by the advertiser in the development of commercials.\r\nSuch commercials exit be accepted and if they meet the following conditions: Commercials must(prenominal): •deal solely with the issue of disease prevention •make education of the public of essential grandeur •display and promotion of the product must be done in a responsible and advised manner Commerci als must not: •make extension of contraception • rear casual sex and promiscuity Public Opposition: Usually in forming policies for condom advertising, networks executives rely heavily on audience feedback. The less they hear from viewers on issues around condoms advertising, the purify they assume such advertising is received.\r\nSilence is well-situated in this case! The less response, the better it is. manufacturing executives agree that the landscape for condom ads has improved markedly in the last several years notwithstanding note that there are still profound obstacles to overcome for greater consistency in policy and broader acceptance. Advertisers vow to prevent trying to reach a broad market through network idiot box and say they will grow their budgets when they can more easily place their ads. Most networks say they will continue to evaluate viewer reception to ads from this fine exactly increasingly less controversial advertiser.\r\nMost of the peo ple believe that condom ads motivate young’s to do sex because it eliminates the fear of HIV/AIDS, STDs and Pregnancy. And it opposes the conventional values that sex should be kept within the marriage bed. People oppose condom ads because they lift promiscuity. Some TV stations, especially on cable, permit well-nigh limited condom advertising, plainly only late at night when children are presumed to be asleep. Condoms adverts do lots appear in magazines which appeal to young adults. Whenever people see condom commercials they switched the other channel or will turnoff the T.\r\nV set or may be leave the gathering immediately. Family grooming groups argue such ads could help reduce teen pregnancies and check the dust of sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS. People restrain the sensational aspects of sex and sexuality while entangling the public health aspects of the issue in a straightjacket of fear, shame and denial. Manufacturer do use tooth some(preno minal) images to sell sneakers, soft drinks, cars and cosmetics, doesn’t it make a sense for the condom marketer to use them.\r\nWhat do we believe that condom advertising should be visionary on TV, there was no consensus on how ad should feature the product and when it should be ethereal. Our world is on the verge of an AIDs epidemic. Can we afford to be coy about sex and contraception? In urban settings, people seem to know that condoms, if used properly can deter the broadcast of HIV/AIDs and prevent pregnancy. Many new studies have shown that condom advertising, banned for many years on network television set is acceptable to most Americans, Europeans, Germans and Asians.\r\nThe spread of HIV/AIDS has convinced a outgrowth number of governments to liberalize policies toward condom advertising. Condom ads were erstwhile banned in the United Kingdom and France, for example, moreover are now legal. Other countries that explicitly permit condom advertising include Brazi l, Colombia, Denmark, France, Peru, Singapore, and Uganda. The government of Ethiopia itself advertises contraceptives, including condoms. In Russia a government safe-sex campaign uses advertising as its main approach. In contrast, some governments continue to foresee condom advertising or strictly nonplus it.\r\nIn Indonesia, for example, condom advertising is not allowed if condoms are promoted for sexual activities such as extramarital sex or sex with commercial sex workersâ€outlaw(a) activities likely to spread HIV/AIDSâ€but is acceptable if condoms are promoted as a family planning method . Condom ads do not negatively affect viewer’s attitudes toward advertising, although networks restrict the time of the day when condom ads can air and limit their message and tone. But the question arises that these ads should be aired only on a particular time??\r\nDo the message of safe sex if not for the whole society? Or only particular classes of society are exposed to the risk of sexually transmitted diseases or HIV/AIDs or pregnancy? Ten years ago, no broadcast television network would air a compensable condom commercial. Today, three of the six major broadcast networks allow condom companies to advertise on their airwaves, with some limitations on message, tone, and time of day. Fox began accepting condom ads in 1991, CBS in 1998, and NBC in 1999. ABC, UPN, and The WB continue to prohibit paid condom ads.\r\nABC pose ads for prescription birth control pills, and The WB says it would consider ads for the pill as well. UPN and The WB do not broadcast network programming after 10 p. m. Several cable companies have allowed condom advertising for years, and some broadcasters that restrict paid condom ads accept public service ads referencing condoms or safer sex. One advertising agency said that television is one of the most effective means of educating people on the use of contraceptives. However, business people should avoid offend local cultural, neighborly and religious sensitivities.\r\nIt can be difficult to promote a practice or a product that can arbitrate with sexual pleasure, can be awkward to use, provides no immediate rewards, and is often associated with distrust and immorality, and whose reliability and effectiveness are often questioned. To be effective, condom promotion must lock up people, reach them emotionally, and persuade them that using condoms is important, acceptable, convenient, and the social norm. The advertising of condoms can be especially difficult in conservative societies.\r\nThe approach in Egypt, where the target is families and the message is family planning, contrasts dramatically with a risque 1998 advertising campaign developed by McCann-Erickson for Durex condoms, targeting young single people and run in Europe. In Egypt, an advertising capital punishment for a condom brand shows a beginner and mother introducing themselves and their children in a loving way. The message, explained b y the parents, is that having only two children, spaced a hardly a(prenominal) years apart, means that one can blow over time and attention taking care of them.\r\nThe advertising of condoms is a very sensitive topic, whether in the circumstance of family planning or preventive health care. In Bahrain, regarded as one of the more liberal disconnect States, the advertising of contraceptives is forbidden. Other products may too be subject to restrictions because of a desire to maintain reserve in the society. For example, a Korean company employ for permission to advertise its underwear product in the Bahrain airport location. The advertising was acceptable only if the dustup â€Å"Best Cotton Underwear” was removed; which shows the offending text crossed out. Benefits of Condoms Commercials:\r\nSeveral factors proved the enormousness of condoms advertising: the devastations wrought by HIV/AIDS; the sexual nature of many TV shows; if you see from the public point of vie w, condoms have an even greater potential in that they can reduce the risk of aids and other STDs, networks are not justifying crook condoms ads down while accepting other contraceptive ads. Following are the main reason why we favored condom commercials: 1) Lack of awareness (especially among sexually active young people) of the effectiveness of condoms in preventing the transmitting of HIV/AIDS and some other STIs, as well as pregnancy. ) Promote condom use as fashionable, acceptable and responsible, and as an essential part of HIV/AIDS, sexual health and sex education. 3) Short, 30-60 due south radio and television advertising spots can be highly effective in delivering health-related messages. 4) To nurture the public to the only product ”capable of slow the spread’’ of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or AIDS. 5) It will reduce the unwanted pregnancy rates Condoms advertisement in Pakistan In Pakistan, men are the primary reason why family planning is not a priority and contraceptive use is so low.\r\nIn a country with about 130 trillion people, only 12 percent of Pakistani women typography using a modern contraceptive method, and Pakistan has the highest occur fertility rate among the ten most populous countries. Men’s concerns, beliefs, and practices must be turn to; failure to do so will smash Pakistan, and its women, to continued high birth rates and extra maternal and child deaths. Men must be motivated to act, to be concerned about their family’s and their wife’s health. Only when men act, or at least do not interfere when their wives desire to act, will the situation improves.\r\nThe widespread social merchandising of condoms in Pakistan has been useful in exposing men to modern methods of avoiding unwanted pregnancies. In Pakistan, men hulk all activities outside the household, including shopping. Thus, men see Sathi condoms at local shops, learn from the media or from friends that it is a ingenuous and affordable means of preventing an unwanted pregnancy, and are godly to purchase it. Sathi can thus be seen as an introduction to modern contraception, with some corresponds then graduating to more effective or permanent methods. Targeting Men:\r\nThe overrule dominance of men as decision-makers in Pakistan, and the restrictions on women’s movements outside the home, has fueled the need to target men in national FP campaigns. Condoms, the premier male contraceptive method, have traditionally been promoted to men. As a result, psi/SMP has tailored its multi-media condom social marketing messages and educational campaigns to appeal to men and address their fortress points. a. Sense of Male Responsibility The objective of these campaigns is to step-up a man’s sense of righteousness for family size and for his wife’s reproductive health.\r\nAn increase sense of male responsibility †combined with admit knowledge about the benefits of family p lanning, messages which motivate action, and clear instruction manual on where to go for quality FP products and services †should lead to increased contraceptive use. psi/SMP has used sixfold strategies to motivate men to purchase Sathi condoms. b. Providing Relevant and pay Information to Men Even with female contraceptive methods †such as squirt Star IUDs, oral contraceptives (OCs), and injectables †PSI/SMP targets its messages for male as well as female clients.\r\nIt is critical to get the men on board since they have an important role not only in the decision to purchase contraceptives, but because they are often the ones to buy the products. In some cases, when a woman’s movements are restricted by purdah, for example, her husband will visit the ready or pharmacist and may be the only source of discipline on oral contraceptives and their potential side effects. c. Small Family Norm The PSI/SMP television and cinema commercials which promote Green St ar hormonal contraceptives and FP clinics prominently feature men.\r\nIn one scene, a husband is at first reluctant to question family planning with his wife, or permit her to visit a Green Star clinic. After a ambitiousness sequence, in which the husband is overwhelmed by rowdy, noisy children, he immediately agrees with his wife that there should be an seemly period between births in order to give each child the time and attention she/he deserves. The commercial closes with the couple visiting a Green Star FP clinic together. d. Male Providers While PSI/SMP is meshed in intensive efforts to train female checkup exam practitioners, it will also train thousands of male doctors and pharmacists.\r\n look into indicates that men are more likely to go to other men †particularly male doctors and pharmacists †for information about family planning. It is therefore important that these male medical practitioners provide correct information to men, so that misconceptions can be dispelled and men can assist and even motivate their wives to begin practising contraception. e. Inter-spousal Communication PSI/SMP also communicates more generic messages to the public, those which do not promote a specific contraceptive method or brand, but instead aim to change behaviors in ways that encourage family planning practice.\r\nFor example, television, radio, and other media promote inter-spousal communication, with a husband and wife discussing family planning options. research in other countries has shown that couples who discuss family planning are more likely to use modern contraceptives than those couples who avoid the subject. f. Girl Child Throughout its communications campaigns, PSI/SMP has strived to improve the side of women in Pakistan through positive and empowering images and messages. In all PSI/SMP advertisements, for example, a couple is shown with only one child †a young woman †with the father obviously loving and caring for the girl.\ r\nBy consistently showing a girl child, PSI/SMP hopes that this will decrease Pakistani men’s preference for a male child, and show that girls are equal in value to boys. Improving the status of women in the eye of men and in the eyes of the society will lead to increased female empowerment, ultimately resulting in women asserting more control over their reproductive health and family size. Since Pakistan is considered an Islamic society, hurry condoms commercial on air would raise some controversies.\r\nPeople are not ready to accept these commercials. For them watching condoms commercial, discussing sexual issues is a bit embarrassing. Condom commercial motivates people to have sex out of marriage bed and this is what against their traditional values. It is something that is prohibited in Islam. Condoms advertising were aimed to be potentially socially sensitive in the Asian community, particularly which could clash with traditional values, like keeping oneself disinteres ted and pure, having few desires, discover for tradition, and moderation.\r\n'

'Communication competency Essay\r'

'1. As you study atomic number 1’s problem, think closely what you would advise henry to do.\r\nI would advise henry to assess the intellects why the executive programs atomic number 18 requesting conveyances to other stores. Although heat content does offer his supervisors a remuneration bonus purpose that provides financial rewards to employees who cut cost and increases sales, he does non take the time to decl ar with his employees to find let out if they remove the tools that they need to per general anatomy their jobs effectively. henry should butt on with his supervisors once he discovers where he missed the mark. He will then be better fain to improve his communicating methods with his staff of supervisors. Once he gear ups this necessary change this could mean a piece of difference in regaining the trust of his supervisors as this will display to them that he is lis xing and recognizes that in that respect is in fact a problem and that he intends t o right his wrong.\r\n2. What does atomic number 1 need to know around converse competency?\r\n henry involve a basic under abideing of parley competency, at the minimum. This would be the least amount required for someone in his buttment. It would be prefer able-bodied that a manager keep an extensive amount of experience in intercourse competency, but at the minimum, Henry should be able to effectively communicate with his peers and subordinates, including the two managers. In this scenario, Henry has not taken each proactive stand at all time to actually communicate with the managers under his supervision.\r\n3. Discuss the relationship amidst communication and motivation. on that point is a strong relationship between communication and motivation. In order for employees and managers to both pose and stay motivated, communication is essential. When there is an active converse between managers and subordinates, it provides motivation beca usage the employees/manager s are aware of scarcely what is expected of them, and the lines of communication are open. Employees that know that the lines of communication are open are more belike to make use of the communication process by discussing grievances and other issues with their supervisor.\r\n4. Directly reference the theories of motivation you have learned about in this unit. The rewards theory is preponderantly used in this scenario. Henry is using a counterbalance bonus curriculum to reward the supervisors for stabbing expenses and/or for increasing sales. By doing so, he is recognize based on the actions of the supervisors and their ability to follow out the goals that leave to greater pay through the pay incentive program.\r\nAccording to the Rewards Theory, the actions of the supervisors will continue as tenacious as they are receiving pay incentives which act as a reward for their actions. If Henry ends the pay incentive program, the supervisors will have less motivation to dress exp enses and increase sales, which will probable lead to a decrease in supervisor performance in these areas.\r\nThe Social Information Process Theory is too predominant in this scenario. This theory is based upon the laying claim that people’s needs and attitudes are stubborn by the development available to them at any given time. This can be applied in regards to Henry and the supervisors, each from their own standpoint. Henry has a omit of information as to why the supervisors are requesting transfers. Although it can be reasonably assumed that they are requesting transfers due to a complete privation of communication from Henry, he is unaware of the specific reasons.\r\nThe supervisors are not receiving information from Henry. His contact with his subordinates is very limited, or so it appears so based on the details of the case. This has created a condition where the lack of feedback and information given by Henry to the supervisors has created attitudes in the super visors based on the lack of communication, which is a detrimental aspect of the relationship between Henry and the supervisors.\r\n5. Relate the case to the following ten work-related items Be specific about the participants of the case and the work-related items.\r\n1. sensitivity to personal problems\r\nHenry is under the impression that because he is busy and works big(a) that his complete lack of communication skills should be acceptable. He believes that the managers should be thankful for how hard he works for them, and to benefit them by what he believes to be always considering their best interests.\r\n2. evoke work\r\nHenry believes that because he has given the supervisors a viable means to stay engaged in their work, that they should find the work interesting. This is not directly tell by Henry but is reflected in the pitch contour of his renderings when he reacts to the news that the supervisors have asked for transfers.\r\n3. Salary\r\nHenry has added to the pay s tructure by implementing a pay incentive program for the supervisors. Henry believes that ideally the program should provide enough of an incentive for the supervisors to work hard, and to accomplish the goals of increasing sales and/or decreasing expenses. The managers potential feel that the pay initiative is an added benefit, but stock-still completely lack any real form of communication with Henry.\r\n4. Job security measure\r\nIt is apparent that the supervisors know having job security, or they would have terminated their profession instead of requesting transfers. Henry credibly has job security as well, but not enough information is given concerning Henry’s position to make an accurate determination or analysis of his position from a job security standpoint.\r\n5. Loyalty of high society to employees\r\nAlthough it is evident that Henry believes he is being stanch to the supervisors, there is a complete lack of communication, and the level of loyalty that the two supervisors believe is taking place would be much less than Henry’s opinion. It in like manner appears that Henry has loyalty to the employer, which is indicated by his comment about working hard for the benefit of the managers. The managers in like manner show loyalty to the company, because they request a transfer and do not terminate their employment.\r\n6. Tactful and creative denunciation\r\nBased on the information provided, Henry has not given the supervisors any plastic criticism. The pay incentive program does not constitute any form of tactful or constructive criticism because it is being used as a touch on motivator with no feedback or communication. Because there is a lack of constructive criticism between Henry and the supervisors, Henry appears withdrawn and non-communicative with his subordinates.\r\n7. Appreciation for work\r\nHenry is under the impression that the supervisors presume’t consider how hard he works. The supervisors have no i ndication if they are appreciated, because Henry has been completely non-communicative. The main reason that the supervisors want to be transferred is so that they can nail constructive criticism and feedback regarding their work, which they can then use to increase their knowledge, skills, and abilities for their given positions.\r\n8. A sense of be\r\nBecause Henry has mostly isolated himself from the supervisors, there is likely a predominant feeling on behalf of the supervisors that they don’t go away. Henry has made no secure effort to include the supervisors in any constructive manner. Henry feels he belongs to the company, which is indicated through his dedication and hard work, but he has isolated himself causing his subordinates to likely feel as if they don’t belong as a viable part of the company.\r\n9. dear(p) working conditions\r\nHenry has not advocated good working conditions by his behavior. If the working conditions were solid, the managers would have never quest a transfer to a different location. In order to improve the working conditions, Henry needs to completely restructure his communication methods.\r\n10. Opportunities for attainment\r\nThere is no indication that any employee, manager, or supervisor can advance from their current positions. Henry would be the main factor in communicating possibilities for advancement to his staff, and there has been a clear lack of communication. This also is hazardous to employee motivation and employee morale.\r\n'

'Implications of Space and Time for Distributed Work Essay\r'

'The national conducted by Suprateek Sarker and Sundeep Sahay aims to understand the effectuate of differences in foothold of space and time found on observations d iodine on an information systems growth (ISD) project conducted by a realistic(prenominal) team. To reach out the task, the researchers and coordinators observed several US-Norwegian systems development teams and gathered communion logs from the teams observed, from which they identified both the associated problems and strategies in terms of time and space related issues involved in the blend of virtual teams (Sarker and Sahay 7).\r\nIn terms of space, the problems identified were difficulties in communication, connection, swan, culture adaptation, and issues related to technology (Sarker and Sahay 8, 11, 13). Of course, there were besides various methods identified which were use by the members of the virtual teams to compensate for such problems. For one, problems in terms of communication, connection, and trust were minimized through the proper use of a chat program as well as work documentation shown by members (Sarker and Sahay 11).\r\nIn terms of cultural differences, the members were able to minimize the conflicts by universe culturally sensitive and building rapport (Sarker and Sahay 12). Lastly, problems base on technology related aspects such as differences in skills, language, and infrastructure were dealt with through compromises, alternative methods of representation, and positively taking diversity into context (Sarker and Sahay 14). As mentioned, non only was space taken into consideration in the study but time as well.\r\nIn this sense, two general problems associated with time were identified. The first one was that differences in time zones resulted in confusion as well as varying levels of activity and productiveness due to the differences in the biological clock of the members; this was turn to through time conversion methods, deciding upon a more efficient time for work, and task apportioning (Sarker and Sahay 16). The second obstacle associated with time was that there were conflicts in archiving message logs.\r\nIn response to these conflicts, the members utilized a common method of messaging, and some teams tear down utilize a single terminal for communication purposes (Sarker and Sahay 17). In general, the study conducted was successful in identifying several challenges and solutions utilized by virtual teams. The researchers, however, have pointed out that the members of the virtual teams in the studies were mainly students. Hence, they may not be a good representation of virtual teams in a corporate sense (Sarker and Sahay 18).\r\nEven so, minded(p) the lack of information regarding such details most the functional processes of a virtual team even with a generally praised concept (Sarker and Sahay 3), the findings derived in the study are definitely of importance especially for the provided understanding of virtual teams. Work Cited Sarker, Suprateek and Sundeep Sahay. â€Å"Implications of Space and beat for Distributed Work: an Interpretative Study of US-Norwegian Systems Development Teams. ” European Journal of Information Systems 13 (2004): 3â€20.\r\n'

'Slack Bus And Slack Generator Engineering Essay\r'

'The Table under shows input informations of each(prenominal) busbar in the scheme used to work out the g eitherwherenment agency lessen and the pretext present moment harmonizing to cathexis described in inquiry 1. omnibus arousal Data[ Simulation Result ]\r\n heap 1\r\natomic number 94\r\nP ( kernel )\r\n one C MW\r\nQ ( point )\r\n0 Mvar\r\n slew 2\r\nP ( upshot )\r\n two hundred MW\r\nQ ( heart )\r\n light speed Mvar\r\nCB of Generation\r\n rough\r\n cumulus 3\r\n1 atomic number 94\r\nP ( Gen )\r\n two hundred MW\r\nP ( event )\r\n carbon MW\r\nQ ( clog )\r\n50 Mvar\r\nAVR\r\nOn\r\nAGC\r\nOffSlack rig and slack informantIn federal agency rate of return counting, alone numerical solution keep non be calculated without mention electromotive advertize order and fee collectible to unequal figure of extraterrestrial variables and indep discontinueent pars. The slack motorbus is the mention teach where its electromotive campaign is considered to be fixe d voltage magnitude and tilt ( 1a? 0A° ) , so that the assorted electromotive in gosity level wobble unlikeness among the rigs rear be calculated regard. In add-on, the slack reference supplies as much extant mogul and antiphonal military force as inevitable for equilibrating the index number bleed sing violence propagation, fill take up and losingss in the form trance watch over the electromotive force changeless as 1a? 0A° . In genuine military group system, when comparatively weak system is think to the larger system via a individual(a) busbar, this jalopy prat stand for the big system with an equal generator maintaining the electromotive force changeless and bring forthing all necessary provide like slack coach. [ 1 ] muckle type ( PQ coach or PV coach ) mound carriage typeRemarks jalopy 2\r\nPQ wad\r\nauthor is dis connected to peck 2\r\n four-in-hand 3\r\nPV heap\r\nGenerator is connected to batch 3 and the magnitude of electromotive force of generator support invariable by utilizing AVR\r\nIn general, each coach in the power system shadow be categorized into three coach types much(prenominal) as Slack cumulus, Load ( PQ ) quite a little, and voltage Controlled ( PV ) heap. The rendering and variety of opinion in the midst of PQ quite a little and PV manager ar described as follows ; [ 2 ]\r\nPV Bus ( Generator Bus or Voltage Controlled Bus ) : It is a coach at which the magnitude of the coach electromotive force is kept changeless by the generator. Even though the coach has several generators and burden, if whatsoever generators connected to the coach modulate the coach electromotive force with AVR, so this coach is referred to PV Bus. For PV coach, the magnitude of the coach electromotive force and factual power supplied to the system be specified, and reactive power and angle of the coach electromotive force atomic number 18 thence determined. If a preset upper limit and minimal reactive po wer bound is reached, the reactive end growth of the generator remains at the limited valuates, so the coach bear be considered as PQ Bus alternatively of PV Bus. [ 2 ]\r\nPQ Bus ( Load Bus ) : It is a coach at which the electromotive force is changed depending on stainless net substantial power and reactive power of tonss and generators without electromotive force regulator. Therefore, in the power show and computation, the vivacious power and reactive power of the tonss atomic number 18 specified as input informations and consequently the electromotive force ( magnitude and angle ) is calculated based on the above input.\r\nThe following table specifies input and end product of each coach type in the power system simulation and computation.\r\nBus causa\r\nPhosphorus\r\nQ\r\n( Magnitude )\r\nI? ( bung )\r\nPQ Bus\r\nInput intercommunicate\r\nInput symbol\r\n break off product\r\n nullify product\r\nPV Bus\r\nInput signal\r\nEnd product\r\nInput signal\r\nEnd product\r\ nSlack Bus\r\nEnd product\r\nEnd product\r\nInput signal\r\nInput signalSystem Balance sinless Generation & A ; Load DemandBus substantial world-beater ( MW )Fanciful world-beater ( Mvar )CoevalsLoadCoevalsLoad manager 1\r\n204.093\r\n100\r\n56.240\r\n0\r\n quite a little 2\r\n0\r\n two hundred\r\n0\r\n100\r\n jitney 3\r\n200\r\n100\r\n107.404\r\n50\r\nEntire\r\n404.093\r\n cd\r\n163.644\r\n150 discrepancyPgen †P hold = 4.093Qgen †Qstored in burden = 13.644Reason: Real power loss due to opposition of transmission system inception and notional power remembering due to reactance of transmittal line ar the considerations for the difference amidst power propagation and unfold select in the system.P ( Losses ) & A ; Q ( Storage ) over the transmittal lineBusReal powerfulness ( MW )Fanciful Power ( Mvar )SendingReceivingLosingssSendingReceivingStored cumulus 1 †Bus 2\r\n102.714\r\n100.650\r\n2.064\r\n56.653\r\n49.773\r\n6.88\r\n wad 1 †Bus 3\r\n 1.379\r\n1.378\r\n0.001\r\n0.4141 )\r\n0.4131 )\r\n0.001\r\n heap 3 †Bus 2\r\n101.378\r\n99.350\r\n2.028\r\n56.990\r\n50.227\r\n6.763\r\nEntire\r\nPalestine liberation organizations =4.093Qstored in burden =13.6441 ) complex quantity power eats from Bus 3 to Bus 1.\r\nThe summing up of active power losingss and fanciful power storage over the transmittal line are simply same with good difference between generation and burden. Therefore, it is affirm that the difference is shown over the transmittal line.\r\n‘Kirchoff ‘ relaxation as each coach [ 4 ]\r\nBus1\r\nI? P1 = + Pgen1 †Pload1 †P12 †P13 = 204.093 †100 †102.714 †1.379 = 0\r\nI? Q1 = + Qgen1 †Qload1 †Q12 †Q13 = 56.24 †0 †56.653 + 0.413 = 0\r\nBus2\r\nI? P2 = + Pgen2 †Pload2 †P21 †P23 = 0 †200 + 100.65 + 99.35 = 0\r\nI? Q2 = + Qgen2 †Qload2 †Q21 †Q23 = 0 †100 + 49.773 + 50.227 = 0\r\nBUS3\r\nI? P3 = + Pgen3 †Pload3 †P31 †P32 = 200 †100 + 1.378 †101.378 = 0\r\nI? Q3 = + Qgen3 †Qload3 †Q31 †Q32 = 107.404 †50 †0.414 †56.99 = 0\r\nHarmonizing to the computation supra, as summing up of incoming & A ; surpassing exis got power and fanciful power at each coach become vigour, it is verified that each busbar obeys a ‘Kirchoff ‘ residual. In add-on, the entire power system is wholly balanced, because entire coevals power ( exisdecadet & A ; fanciful ) are equal to summing up of entire load rent and exis decennaryt power loss & A ; stored fanciful power over the transmittal ( i.e. Pgen †Pdemand = Plosses, Qgen †Qstored in burden = Q stored in system ) as shown above.Voltage Angle and Angle divagationAs a consequence of the Powerworld, the electromotive force angle and angle difference are shown in the tabular align infra.BusVoltage AngleVoltage Angle DifferenceBUS1\r\nI?1 = 0.00A°\r\nBUS1- BUS2\r\nI?1 †I?2 = 0.00A° †( -2.5662A° ) = 2.5662A°\r\nBUS2\r\nI?2 = -2.5662A°\r\nBUS2- BUS3\r\nI?2 †I?3 = -2.5662A° †( -0.043A° ) = -2.5232A°\r\nBUS3\r\nI?3 = -0.043A°\r\nBUS3- BUS1\r\nI?3 †I?1 = -0.043A° †0.00A° = -0.043A°Power System Analysis -1The tabular array at a level place summarizes coevals and electromotive force angle fluctuation at each coach as coevals at Bus 3 varies from 0 MW to 450 MW by 50MW.Simulation Consequences and ObservationP3 = 0 MW\r\nP3 = 50 MW\r\nP3 = 100 MW\r\nP3 = 150 MW\r\nP3 = 250 MW\r\nP3 = three hundred MW\r\nP3 = 350 MW\r\nP3 = 400 MW\r\nP3 = 450 MW\r\nReactive Power Generation at Bus 3: It is found that reactive power coevals Q3 ( gen ) decrease spell exis decennaryt power coevals P3 ( gen ) addition because Bus 3 as a PV Bus regulates the changeless coach electromotive force magnitude by commanding excitement of the coevals through the AVR.\r\nPower Generation at Bus 1: It is found that P1 ( gen ) decreases and Q1 ( gen ) adjoins at the same time, while P3 ( gen ) additions and Q3 ( gen ) lessening. As the entire load demand in the system keeps changeless ( i.e. Ptotal ( burden ) = 400 MW, Qtotal ( burden ) = 150Mvar ) , any necessary exis disco biscuit-spott power and reactive power for the system balance demand to be supplied by generator ( loose generator ) at Bus 1. Therefore, power coevals P1 ( gen ) and Q1 ( gen ) at Bus 1 transition reversely compared to power coevals alteration at Bus 3.\r\nVoltage Angle Difference: In general, exis got power decrease is influenced by electromotive force angle difference between guiding coach and having coach harmonizing to PR = . Therefore, it is observed that every bit exis cristalt power coevals P3 ( gen ) increases exis ecstasyt power rise from Bus 3 to Bus2 addition, consequently voltage angle difference ( I?3 †I?2 ) between Bus 3 and Bus 2 additions. However, lessening in exis cardinalt power from Bus 1 to Bus 2 due to increase of P3 ( gen ) consequence in lessening of electromotive force angle difference ( I?1 †I?2 ) . In add-on, Real power between Bus 1 and Bus 3 flows from Bus 1 to Bus 3 until P3 ( gen ) shop to 200 MW and as P3 ( gen ) addition more than 200 MW the existent power flows from Bus 3 to Bus 1. So, it is besides observed that electromotive force angle difference ( I?3 †I?1 ) is controvertly charged angle when P3 ( gen ) is less than 200MW and the difference addition while P3 ( gen ) addition.Power System Analysis -2The tabular array below summarizes the fluctuation of power coevals and electromotive force angle difference at each coach when the burden demand at Bus 3 varies by 50MW and 25Mvar.Simulation Consequences and ObservationP2 = 0 MW Q2 = 0 MW\r\nP2 = 50 MW Q2 = 25 MW\r\nP2 = 100 MW Q2 = 50 MW\r\nP2 = 150 MW Q2 = 75 MW\r\nP2 = 250 MW Q2 = 125 MW\r\nP2 = 300 MW Q2 = 150 MW\r\nP2 = 350 MW Q2 = 175 MW\r\nP2 = 400 MW Q2 = 200 MW\r\nP2 = 450 MW Q2 = 225 MW\r \nPower Generation at Bus 1 and Bus 3: It is observed that as the entire load demand in the system increases due to increase of load demand P2 ( burden ) & A ; Q2 ( burden ) at Bus 2, any necessary existent power for the system balance is supplied by generator ( loose generator ) at Bus 1 sing changeless P3 ( gen ) , so P1 ( gen ) increases. In add-on, any necessary reactive power for the system balance is supplied from Bus 1 every bit trusty as Bus 3, so both Q1 ( gen ) and Q3 ( gen ) addition.\r\nVoltage Angle Difference: It is found that existent power flow addition both from Bus 1 to Bus 2 and from Bus 3 to Bus 2 due to increase of load demand at Bus2. Consequently, both electromotive force angle difference I?1 †I?2 and I?3 †I?2 addition when the power flow P12 and P32 addition. In add-on, when P2 ( burden ) is less than 200 MW, P1gen is comparatively low. Therefore existent power between Bus 3 and Bus 1 flows from Bus 3 to Bus 1 at lower P2 ( burden ) ( less tha n 200MW ) . On the other manus, while P2 ( burden ) addition more than 200 MW, the existent power flow way alterations ( Bus 1 to Bus 3 ) and the existent power flow additions. Consequently, the electromotive force angle difference I?1 †I?3 alteration from negative to supportive and addition.\r\nVoltage Magnitude at Bus 2: It is observed that magnitude of coach electromotive force at Bus2 beads due to increase of the load demand at Bus 2. indecision 2System Model & A ; entryway ground substanceIn order to build the entryway matrix of Powerworld B3 instance, individual stage tantamount circuit can be drawn as below ;omega = R + jx ( r = 0, x = 0.05 )z12 = z21= j0.05 atomic number 94, y12 = 1/ z12 = 1/j0.05 = -j20 atomic number 94 = y12\r\nz13 = z31= j0.05 atomic number 94, y13 = 1/ z13 = 1/j0.05 = -j20 atomic number 94 = y31\r\nz23 = z32= j0.05 atomic number 94, y23 = 1/ z23 = 1/j0.05 = -j20 atomic number 94 = y32\r\nAdmittance matrix can be defined as follows ;\r\nBU S =\r\nDiagonal elements Y ( I, I ) of the launching matrix, called as the self-admittance [ talk coast ] [ 6 ] , are the summing up of all admission charge connected with BUS I.\r\n= y12 + y13 = -j20 †j20 = -j40 atomic number 94\r\n= y21 + y23 = -j20 †j20 = -j40 atomic number 94\r\n= y31 + y32 = -j20 †j20 = -j40 atomic number 94\r\nOff bezzant elements Y ( I, J ) of the addition matrix, called as the crude ledger entry [ talk sailing ] [ 6 ] , are negative access between BUS I and BUS J.\r\n= †y12 = †( -j20 ) = j20 plutonium = †y13 = †( -j20 ) = j20 plutonium\r\n= †y21 = †( -j20 ) = j20 plutonium = †y23 = †( -j20 ) = j20 plutonium\r\n= †y31 = †( -j20 ) = j20 plutonium = †y32 = †( -j20 ) = j20 plutonium\r\nTherefore, the concluding entree matrix BUS is ;\r\nBUS = =\r\nThe following(prenominal) figure shows the BUS of the Powerworld B3 instance and it is verified that the consider entree mat rix is consistent with the consequence of the Powerworld.Power cling CalculationNodal compare with the entree matrix can be used to cipher electromotive force at each coach if we know all the topical ( i.e. entire coevals power and load demand at each BUS ) and eventually the power flow can be calculated consequently.\r\n, hence,\r\nIn this inquiry, nevertheless, simulation consequences of the electromotive force at each coach from the Powerworld are used for the power flow computation as follows ;\r\n[ Simulation consequence ]Voltage at each Bus and Voltage DifferenceV1 = 1 a? 0.00A° plutonium ( BUS1 ) V2 = 1 a? -0.48A° plutonium ( BUS2 ) V3 = 1 a? 0.48A° plutonium ( BUS 3 )Voltage difference between BUS 1 and BUS 2V12 = V1 †V2 = 1 a? 0.00A° †1 a? -0.48A° = 3.5 x 10-5 + J 8.38 ten 10-3 = 8.38 ten 10-3 a? 89.76A° plutonium\r\nV21 = V2 †V1 = †V12 = †3.5 ten 10-5 †J 8.38 ten 10-3 = 8.38 ten 10-3 a? -90.24A° plutoniumVoltage differe nce between BUS 3 and BUS 2V32 = V3 †V2 = 1 a? 0.48A° †1 a? -0.48A° = J 16.76 ten 10-3 = 16.76 ten 10-3 a? 90A° plutonium\r\nV23 = V2 †V3 = †V32 = †J 16.76 ten 10-3 = -16,76 x 10-3 a? -90A° plutoniumVoltage difference between BUS 3 and BUS 1V31 = V3 †V1 = 1 a? 0.48A° †1 a? 0.00A° = †3.5 ten 10-5 + J 8.38 ten 10-3 = 8.38 ten 10-3 a? 90.24A° plutonium\r\nV13 = V1 †V3 = †V31 = 3.5 ten 10-5 †J 8.38 ten 10-3 = 8.38 ten 10-3 a? -89.76A° plutoniumLine CurrentCurrent flow from BUS I and BUS J can be calculated by utilizing electromotive force difference and relate entree of the line between coachs. [ Iij = yij * ( Vi †Vj ) ]Line current between BUS 1 and BUS 2I12 = y12 x ( V1 †V2 ) = -j20 x 8.38 ten 10-3 a? 89.76A° = 167.6 ten 10-3 a? -0.24A° plutonium ( BUS 1 a†’ BUS 2 )\r\nI21 = y21 x ( V2 †V1 ) = -j20 x 8.38 ten 10-3 a? -90.24A° = 167.6 ten 10-3 a? -180.24A° plutonium ( BUS 2 a†’ BUS 1 )Line current between BUS 3 and BUS 2I32 = y32 x ( V3 †V2 ) = -j20 x 16.76 ten 10-3 a? 90A° = 335.2 ten 10-3 a? 0.00A° plutonium ( BUS 3 a†’ BUS 2 )\r\nI23 = y23 x ( V2 †V3 ) = -j20 x 16.76 ten 10-3 a? -90A° = 335.2 ten 10-3 a? 180A° plutonium ( BUS 2 a†’ BUS 3 )Line current between BUS 3 and BUS 1I31 = y31 x ( V3 †V1 ) = -j20 x 8.38 ten 10-3 a? 90.24A° = 167.6 ten 10-3 a? 0.24A° plutonium ( BUS 3 a†’ BUS 1 )\r\nI13 = y13 x ( V1 †V3 ) = -j20 x 8.38 ten 10-3 a? -89.76A° = 167.6 ten 10-3 a? -179.76A° plutonium ( BUS 1 a†’ BUS 3 )Apparent Power FlowApparent flow from BUS I and BUS J can be calculated by electromotive force at the directing coach and line current. [ Sij = Vi * I*ij ]Apparent Power from BUS 1 to BUS 2S12 = V1* I*12 = 1 a? 0.00A° ten 167.6 ten 10-3 a? 0.24A° = 167.6 ten 10-3 a? 0.24A° = 0.1676 + J 7.02 ten 10-4 plutoniumApparent Power from BUS 2 to BUS 1S21=V2* I*21=1a? -0.48A° x 167.6 ten 10-3a? 180.24A°=167.6 ten 10-3a? 179.76A° = -0.1676 + j7.02 x 10-4 plutoniumApparent Power from BUS 3 to BUS 2S32 = V3* I*32 = 1 a? 0.48A° ten 335.2 ten 10-3 a? 0.00A° = 335.2 ten 10-3 a? 0.48A° = 0.3352 + J 2.81 ten 10-3 plutoniumApparent Power from BUS 2 to BUS 3S23=V2* I*23=1 a? -0.48A° x 335.2 ten 10-3 a? 180A°= 335.2 ten 10-3 a? 179.76A° = -0.3352 + J 2.81 ten 10-3 plutoniumApparent Power from BUS 3 to BUS 1S31 = V3* I*31 = 1a? 0.48A° ten 167.6 ten 10-3a? -0.24A° = 167.6 x 10-3 a? 0.24A° = 0.1676 + J 7.02 ten 10-4 plutoniumApparent Power from BUS 1 to BUS 3S13=V1* I*13=1a? 0.00A° x 167.6 ten 10-3a? 179.76A°= 167.6 ten 10-3a? 179.76A° = -0.1676 + J 7.02 ten 10-4 plutoniumComparison with simulation consequencesThe building block of the above computation consequences is pu value, so in order to compare the consequences with simulation consequences pu value of current and power flow de mand to be converted to existent values by utilizing the undermentioned equation sing Sbase = 100MVA and Vline_base = 345kV. [ 3 ]\r\nSactual = Sbase A- Spu = 100 MVA A- Spu\r\nIactual = Ibase A- Ipu = A- Ipu = A- Ipu = 167.3479 A A- IpuCalculation Result and Simulation ResultFlow way & A ; ValueCalculation ConsequenceSimulation ConsequenceBUS 1 a†’ BUS 2|S12|\r\n0.1676 A- 100 = 16.76 MVA\r\n16.67 MVA\r\nP12\r\n16.76 MW\r\n16.67 MW\r\nQ12\r\n0.0702 Mvar\r\n0.07 Mvar\r\n|I12|\r\n0.1676 A- 167.3479 = 28.0475 A\r\n27.89 ABUS 3 a†’ BUS 2|S32|\r\n0.3352 A- 100 = 33.52 MVA\r\n33.33 MVA\r\nP32\r\n33.52 MW\r\n33.33 MW\r\nQ32\r\n0.281 Mvar\r\n0.28 Mvar\r\n|I32|\r\n0.3352 A- 167.3479 = 56.0950 A\r\n55.78 ABUS 3 a†’ BUS 1|S31|\r\n0.1676 A- 100 = 16.76 MVA\r\n16.67 MVA\r\nP31\r\n16.76 MW\r\n16.67 MW\r\nQ31\r\n0.0702 Mvar\r\n0.07 Mvar\r\n|I31|\r\n0.1676 A- 167.3479 = 28.0475 A\r\n27.89 ABUS 2 a†’ BUS 1|S21|\r\n0.1676 A- 100 = 16.76 MVA\r\ n16.67 MVA\r\nP21\r\n-16.76 MW\r\n-16.67 MW\r\nQ21\r\n0.0702 Mvar\r\n0.07 Mvar\r\n|I21|\r\n0.1676 A- 167.3479 = 28.0475 A\r\n27.89 ABUS 2 a†’ BUS 3|S23|\r\n0.3352 A- 100 = 33.52 MVA\r\n33.33 MVA\r\nP23\r\n-33.52 MW\r\n-33.33 MW\r\nQ23\r\n0.281 Mvar\r\n0.28 Mvar\r\n|I23|\r\n0.3352 A- 167.3479 = 56.0950 A\r\n55.78 ABUS 1 a†’ BUS 3|S13|\r\n0.1676 A- 100 = 16.76 MVA\r\n16.67 MVA\r\nP13\r\n-16.76 MW\r\n-16.67 MW\r\nQ13\r\n0.0702 Mvar\r\n0.07 Mvar\r\n|I13|\r\n0.1676 A- 167.3479 = 28.0475 A\r\n27.89 A\r\nIt is found that computation consequences of current flow and evident power flows ( i.e. 28.0475 A and 56.0950 A/ 33.52 MVA and 16.76MVA ) are about 0.5 % higher than simulation consequence ( i.e. 27.89 A and 55.78 A / 33.33 MVA and 16.67 MVA ) which can be considered somewhat different. Difference of the electromotive force angle at each coach between computation ( 0.48A° ) and simulation ( 0.4775A° ) could be the ground for this minor difference.Question 3 Admittance matrix and Nodal EquationEntree between two coachsy12 = y21 = -j8 plutonium y13 = y31 = -j4 plutonium y14 = y41 = -j2.5 plutonium\r\ny23 = y32 = -j4 plutonium y24 = y42 = -j5 plutonium\r\ny30 = -j0.8 plutonium ( BUS3-Neutral BUS ) y40 = -j0.8 plutonium ( BUS4-Neutral BUS )Admittance MatrixYbus ( Admittance Matrix ) =\r\nDiagonal elements Y ( I, I ) of the entree matrix, called as the self-admittance [ 2 ] [ 4 ] , are the summing up of all entree connected with BUS I.\r\n= y12 + y13 + y14 = -j8 -j4 †j2.5 = -j14.5\r\n= y21 + y23 + y24 = -j8 -j4 †j5 = -j17\r\n= y30 + y31 + y32 = -j08 -j4 †j4 = -j8.8\r\n= y40 + y41 + y42 = -j0.8 -j2.5 †j5 = -j8.3\r\nOff diagonal elements Y ( I, J ) of the entree matrix, called as the common entree [ 2 ] [ 4 ] , are negative entree between BUS I and BUS J.\r\n= †y12 = †( -j8 ) = j8 plutonium = †y13 = †( -j4 ) = j4 plutonium = †y14 = †( -j2.5 ) = j2.5 plutonium\r\n= †y21 = †( -j8 ) = j8 plutonium = †y23 = †( -j4 ) = j4 plutonium = †y24 = †( -j5 ) = j5 plutonium\r\n= †y31 = †( -j4 ) = j4 plutonium = †y32 = †( -j4 ) = j4 plutonium = †y34 = 0 plutonium\r\n= †y41 = †( -j2.5 ) = j2.5 plutonium = †y42 = †( -j5 ) = j5 plutonium = †y43 = 0 plutonium\r\nTherefore, entree matrix Ybus is as follows ;Ybus = =Power Flow AnalysisPower flow disregarding transmittal line electrical capacityNodal EquationCurrent from the impersonal coach to each coach are attached and entree matrix ( Ybus ) is calculated above. Therefore, concluding nodal equation is as follows ;\r\nIbus = Ybus * Vbus a‡’ Vbus = Y-1bus * Ibus\r\n= Ybus a‡’ ==Voltage AnalysisVoltage at each coach can be derived from the equation ( Vbus = Y-1bus * Ibus ) and Matlab was used for calculate matrix family. ( Source codification is attached in Appendix-1 )\r\nVbus ==\r\nV12 = 0.0034 + J 0.0031 plutonium V13 = -0.0277 â⠂¬ J 0.0257 plutonium V14 = 0.0336 + J 0.0311 plutonium\r\nV21 = -0.0034 †J 0.0031 plutonium V23 = -0.0311 †J 0.0288 plutonium V24 = 0.0302 + J 0.0280 plutonium\r\nV31 = 0.0277 + J 0.0257 plutonium V32 = 0.0311 + J 0.0288 plutonium\r\nV41 = -0.0336 †J 0.0311 plutonium V42 = -0.0302 †J 0.0280 plutoniumCurrent flow in the systemCurrent flow from BUS I and BUS J can be calculated by utilizing electromotive force difference and interrelated entree of the line between coachs. [ Iij = yij * ( Vi †Vj ) ] The computation consequence from Matlab is as follows ;\r\nI12 = 0.0249 †J 0.0269 plutonium I13 = -0.1026 + J 0.1108 plutonium I14 = 0.0777 †J 0.0840 plutonium\r\nI21 = -0.0249 + J 0.0269 plutonium I23 = -0.1151 + J 0.1243 plutonium I24 = 0.1399 †J 0.1511\r\nI31 = 0.1026 †J 0.1108 plutonium I32 = 0.1151 †J 0.1243 plutonium I34 = 0 plutonium\r\nI41 = -0.0777 + J 0.0840 plutonium I42 = -0.1399 + J 0.1511 plutonium I43 = 0 plutoniumPower flow in the systemApparent flow from BUS I and BUS J can be calculated by electromotive force at the directing coach and line current. [ Sij ( plutonium ) = Vi * I*ij = Pij + jQij ] The computation consequence from Matlab is as follows ;\r\nS12 = 0.0311 + J 0.0175 plutonium S13 = -0.1283 †J 0.0723 plutonium S14 = 0.0972 + J 0.0548 plutonium\r\nS21 = -0.0311 †J 0.0174 plutonium S23 = -0.1438 †J 0.0803 plutonium S24 = 0.1749 + J 0.0977 plutonium\r\nS31 = 0.1283 + J 0.0780 plutonium S32 = 0.1438 + J 0.0875 plutonium S34 = 0 plutonium\r\nS41 = -0.0972 †J 0.0496 plutonium S42 = -0.1749 †J 0.0892 plutonium S44 = 0 plutoniumAdmittance Matrix sing transmittal line electrical capacityHarmonizing to the direction of the Question 3, power system theoretical grade can be drawn by utilizing Iˆ tantamount circuit of the lines with capacitive shunt entree ( yc ) of 0.1 plutonium at each side as shown below.Admittance MatrixContrary to tantamount theoretical account in Ques tion 3-1, the current flow through the capacitance in the transmittal line needs to be considered to transcend the entree matrix. Therefore, sing the capacitances the current equation with Kirchhoff ‘s current jurisprudence at each coach is as follows ; [ 2 ] [ 5 ]\r\nBus 1: I1 = I12 + I13 + I14 + Ic12 + Ic13 + Ic14 I1 = y12 ( V1-V2 ) + y13 ( V1-V3 ) + y14 ( V1-V4 ) + yc12V1 + yc13V1 + yc14V1\r\nBus 2: I2 = I21 + I23 + I24 + Ic21 + Ic23 + Ic24 I2 = y21 ( V2-V1 ) + y23 ( V2-V3 ) + y24 ( V2-V4 ) + yc21V2 + yc23V2 + yc24V2\r\nBus 3: I3 = I30 + I31 + I32 + Ic31 + Ic32 I3 = y30V3 + y31 ( V3-V1 ) + y32 ( V3-V2 ) + yc31V3 + yc32V3\r\nBus 4: I4 = I40 + I41 + I42 + Ic41 + Ic42 I4 = y40V4 + y41 ( V4-V1 ) + y42 ( V4-V2 ) + yc41V4 + yc42V4\r\nEquation above can be rearranged to divide and group single merchandises by electromotive force.\r\nBus 1: I1 = ( y12 + y13 + y14 + yc12 + yc13+ yc14 ) V1 †y12V2 †y13V3 †y14V4 = Y11V1 + Y12V2 + Y13V3 + Y14V4\r\nBus 2: I2 = ( y21 + y23 + y24 + yc21 + yc23+ yc24 ) V2- y21V1 †y23V3 †y24V4 = Y21V1 + Y22V2 + Y23V3 + Y24V4\r\nBus 3: I3 = ( y30 + y31 + y32 + yc31+ yc32 ) V3 †y31V1 †y32V2 = Y31V1 + Y32V2 + Y33V3 + Y34V4\r\nBus 4: I4 = ( y40 + y41 + y42 + yc41+ yc42 ) V4 †y41V1 †y42V2 = Y41V1 + Y42V2 + Y43V3 + Y44V4\r\nFinally, Diagonal elements Y ( I, I ) and off diagonal elements Y ( I, J ) of the entree matrix are calculated as follows ;\r\n= y12 + y13 + y14 + yc12 + yc13+ yc14 = -j8 -j4 †j2.5 + j0.1 + j0.1 +0.1j = -j14.2 plutonium\r\n= y21 + y23 + y24 + yc21 + yc23+ yc24 = -j8 -j4 †j5 + j0.1 + j0.1 +0.1j = -j16.7 plutonium\r\n= y30 + y31 + y32 + yc31+ yc32 = -j08 -j4 †j4 + j0.1 +0.1j = -j8.6 plutonium\r\n= y40 + y41 + y42 + yc41+ yc42 = -j0.8 -j2.5 †j5 + j0.1 +0.1j = -j8.1 plutonium\r\n= †y12 = †( -j8 ) = j8 plutonium = †y13 = †( -j4 ) = j4 plutonium = †y14 = †( -j2.5 ) = j2.5 plutonium\r\n= †y21 = †( -j8 ) = j8 plutonium = â₠¬ y23 = †( -j4 ) = j4 plutonium = †y24 = †( -j5 ) = j5 plutonium\r\n= †y31 = †( -j4 ) = j4 plutonium = †y32 = †( -j4 ) = j4 plutonium = †y34 = 0 plutonium\r\n= †y41 = †( -j2.5 ) = j2.5 plutonium = †y42 = †( -j5 ) = j5 plutonium = †y43 = 0 plutonium\r\nTherefore, entree matrix Ybus is as follows ;Ybus = =Annex-1: Matlab beginning codification and Calculation consequences with MatlabMatlab Source statute% define ego entree and common entree by utilizing admittace between\r\n% the coachs ( y12=y21=-j8, y13=y31=-j4, y14=y41=-j2.5, y23=y32=-j4,\r\n% y24=y42=-j5, y34=0, y43=0, y30=-j0.8, y40=-j0.8\r\ny12=-8i ; y21=-8i ; y13=-4i ; y31=-4i ; y14=-2.5i ; y41=-2.5i ; y23=-4i ; y32=-4i ;\r\ny24=-5i ; y42=-5i ; y34=0 ; y43=0 ; y30=-0.8i ; y40=-0.8i ;\r\nY11=-8i-4i-2.5i ; Y12=8i ; Y13=4i ; Y14=2.5i ;\r\nY21=8i ; Y22=-8i-4i-5i ; Y23=4i ; Y24=5i ;\r\nY31=4i ; Y32=4i ; Y33=-0.8i-4i-4i ; Y34=0 ;\r\nY41=2.5i ; Y42=5i ; Y43=0 ; Y44=-5i- 2.5i-0.8i ;\r\n% Bus 3 and Bus 4 is non connected, so admittance Y34 and Y43 are equal to zero\r\n% define the 4×4 entree matrix ( Ybus )\r\nYbus= [ Y11 Y12 Y13 Y14 ; Y21 Y22 Y23 Y24 ; Y31 Y32 Y33 Y34 ; Y41 Y42 Y43 Y44 ] ;\r\n% In order to specify the nodal equation ( I = Ybus*V ) , the given I needs to specify.\r\ni1=0 ; i2=0 ; i3=-i ; i4=-0.4808-0.4808i ;\r\nIbus= [ i1 ; i2 ; i3 ; i4 ] ;\r\n% Each coach electromotive force can be calculated by utilizing matrix division ( V= YbusI )\r\nVbus=YbusIbus ;\r\nv1=Vbus ( 1,1 ) ; v2=Vbus ( 2,1 ) ; v3=Vbus ( 3,1 ) ; v4=Vbus ( 4,1 ) ;\r\n% Calculate electromotive force difference between coachs\r\nv12=v1-v2 ; v13=v1-v3 ; v14=v1-v4 ;\r\nv21=v2-v1 ; v23=v2-v3 ; v24=v2-v4 ;\r\nv31=v3-v1 ; v32=v3-v2 ; v34=v3-v4 ;\r\nv41=v4-v1 ; v42=v4-v2 ; v43=v4-v3 ;\r\n% current flow between coachs can be calculated by i12 = y12* ( v1-v2 )\r\ni12=y12*v12 ; i13=y13*v13 ; i14=y14*v14 ;\r\ni21=y21*v21 ; i23=y23*v23 ; i24=y24*v24 ;\r\ni31=y31*v31 ; i32=y32*v3 2 ; i34=y34*v34 ;\r\ni41=y41*v41 ; i42=y42*v42 ; i43=y43*v43 ;\r\n% evident power can be calculated by s12 = v1 * conj ( i12 )\r\ns12=v1*conj ( i12 ) ; s13=v1*conj ( i13 ) ; s14=v1*conj ( i14 ) ;\r\ns21=v2*conj ( i21 ) ; s23=v2*conj ( i23 ) ; s24=v2*conj ( i24 ) ;\r\ns31=v3*conj ( i31 ) ; s32=v3*conj ( i32 ) ; s34=v3*conj ( i34 ) ;\r\ns41=v4*conj ( i41 ) ; s42=v4*conj ( i42 ) ; s43=v4*conj ( i43 ) ;\r\n% Real power and Reactive power can be derived by following\r\np12= authentic ( s12 ) ; p13= in truth ( s13 ) ; p14= factual ( s14 ) ;\r\nq12=imag ( s12 ) ; q13=imag ( s13 ) ; q14=imag ( s14 ) ;\r\np21=real ( s21 ) ; p23=real ( s23 ) ; p24=real ( s24 ) ;\r\nq21=imag ( s21 ) ; q23=imag ( s23 ) ; q24=imag ( s24 ) ;\r\np31=real ( s31 ) ; p32=real ( s32 ) ; p34=real ( s34 ) ;\r\nq31=imag ( s31 ) ; q32=real ( s32 ) ; q34=imag ( s34 ) ;\r\np41=real ( s41 ) ; p42=real ( s42 ) ; p43=real ( s43 ) ;\r\nq41=imag ( s41 ) ; q42=real ( s42 ) ; q43=imag ( s43 ) ; % terminalMatlab Calculation Results \r\n'